Analisis profil penyebab-penyebab kecelakaan kerja di perusahaan PT.X periode Januari-Oktober 2008 = The analysis of work accident cases at X company for January-October 2009
Main Authors: | Margiastoeti, author, Add author: Ridwan Zahdi Syaaf, supervisor, Add author: Robiana Modjo, examiner, Add author: Dadan Erwandi, examiner, Add author: Alfajri Ismail, examiner, Add author: C. Setyo Rohadi, examiner |
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Format: | Masters Thesis |
Terbitan: |
, 2008
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Online Access: |
https://lib.ui.ac.id/detail?id=20332839 |
ctrlnum |
20332839 |
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fullrecord |
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<dc schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"><type>Thesis:Masters</type><title>Analisis profil penyebab-penyebab kecelakaan kerja di perusahaan PT.X periode Januari-Oktober 2008 = The analysis of work accident cases at X company for January-October 2009</title><creator>Margiastoeti, author</creator><creator>Add author: Ridwan Zahdi Syaaf, supervisor</creator><creator>Add author: Robiana Modjo, examiner</creator><creator>Add author: Dadan Erwandi, examiner</creator><creator>Add author: Alfajri Ismail, examiner</creator><creator>Add author: C. Setyo Rohadi, examiner</creator><publisher/><date>2008</date><subject/><description>[<b>ABSTRAK</b><br>
Angka keoclakan kerja saat ini masih sangat tinggi terutama pada
perusahaan-perusahaan yang rentan dcngan kecelakaan dimana budaya kuselamatan
dan kesehatan kelja belum terlaksana dengan baik. Contoh angka kecelakaan kerja di
PT X masih tinggi, tercatat dari bulan januari sampai dengan Olaober 2008 sebesar
456 kejadian kecelakaan, dimana saat ini sering kali tidak diketahui secara tspat
penyebab utama kecelakaan kelja tersebut terjadi. Apakah karena tindakan tidak
aman (unsajé act), kondisi tidak aman, kurangnya pengawasan danlatau karena
pengaruh organisasi?
Dengan melihat latar belakang tersebut, pencliti ingin mengetahui mengapa
dan bagaimana kecclakaan kcrja tersebut teljadi, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk
mcnganalisa profil penyebab kecclakaan kelja pada PT. X yang ditinjau dcngan
menggunakan The Human Factors Analysis' and Class{{ica!ion System (I-IFACS),
sebagai unit analisis kasus kecelakaan kexja.
Dari hasil penelilian menunjukan bahwa dari ke empat klasifikasi penyebab
kecelakaan saling berkaitan, berdasarkan hasil analisis dcngan mengunakan sislem
klasifikasi HFACS, didapatkan bahwa faktor dau perscntasc terbesar penyebab
kecelakaan kcnja di PT, X, yaitu tindakan tidak aman 44,'75%, sedangkan kondisi
sebelum mclakukan tindakan tidak aman 36,80%, pengawasan yang kurang 14,91%
dan pcngaruh organisasi 3,54%.
Penycbab tindakan tidak aman adalah kesalahan manusia 30,57 % dan
pelanggaran I4,18%. Kesalahan manusia teljadi karena 3 hal, yaitu karena kesalahan
sebab kemampuan 21,2l%, kcsalahan memutuskan 6,93%, dan kcsalahan persepsi
2,42%. Sedangkan pelanggaran terjadi karena pelanggaran rutin 8,86% dan
pelanggaran perkocualian 5,32%.
Kondisi scbclum melakukan tindakan tidak aman sebesar 36,80%, yang
dipengaruhi oleh kondisi operator 22,05%, faktor lingkungan 9,67% dan faktor
personil 5,08%.
Sedangkan penyebab kccelakaan pengawasan yang kurang sebesar l4,9I%,
dengan persentasc tcrbesar adalah gagal untuk mempcrbaiki problem yang sudah
dikuasai sebesar 8,50%, kemudian disusul karcna pengawasan yang tidak memadai/cukup 4,25%, pelanggaran pengawasan sebesar 1,46% dan perencanaan
operasi yang tidak tcpat 0,70%.
Dan penyebab kecelakaan karena pengaruh organisasi sebcsar 3,54%,
didapatkan penyebab terbesar karena iklim organisasi 2,22%, kemudian disusul
karena manajeman 0,83%, dan proses organisasi 0,50%.
Hal-hal yang pcrlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi faktor penyebab kecclakaan
adalah membuat laporan hasil investigasi kecelakaan yang lcbih baik; melakukan
training dan re-training untuk meningkatkan kemampuan (skill) dan pengetahuan
operator, terutama mcngenai ketezampilan dan instruksi kezja untuk menambah
pengalaman kerja; pembuatan peraturan atau SOP, manual, checklist yang jelas dan
tegas serta men-sosialisasikannya _sccara berkala kepada pihak-pihak yang
berkepentingan; mcmperkenalkan kcmbali tombol-tombol kontrol pada mesin yang
dijalankan; mcmbuat display instmmen yang mudah dimcngerti, sistem peringatan
yang baik; menciptakan suasana dan kexja sama team yang baik agar reduksi errors
dapat ditingkankan; melakukan pengawasan terhadap perilaku pekcrja (behaviour
observation); memberikan sanksi apabila terjadi pclanggaran sesuai ketentuan yang
berlaku; melakukan seleksi perke1ja lebih baik; memberikan izin dan sertifikasi
untuk pekedaan tertentu; mengatur jadwal kerja; memberikan pelatihan dan menata
ulang tcmpat kmja bila memungkinkan, dan membentuk gtup diskusi setiap ada
kecelakaan yang teljadi guna memecahkan permasalahan yang tirnbul agar tidak
terulang kembali.
<hr>
<b>ABSTRACT</b><br>
Recently, the numbers of work accident is still high specifically at the company
where work safety and health have not been implemented well. For example, there
have been 456 work accidents recorded from January to October 2008 at X
Company. The causes ofthe accidents are unknown. Are they because of the unsafe
act, the precondition of the unsafe act, the inappropriate supervision, and/or the
organizational influence?
Based on those backgrounds, the researcher wants to find out why and how the
work accidents happen. The aim of this research is to analyze the profile of work
accident cases at X Company observed using The Human Factors Anabwsir and
Classification .System (I-IFACS) as the unit of work accident case analysis.
The research result shows four classifications ofthe work accidents factors are
related to each other. Based on the analysis using I-[FACS classification system, the
biggest factors and percentage causing work accidents at X Company are : the unsafe
act with 44,75%, the precondition of the unsafe act with 36,80%, the unsafe
supervision with l4,9l%, and the organizational influence with 3,54%.
The causes of the unsafe act are human error (30,57%) and violation (14,18%).
Human error happens because of three things: skill-base errors (21,2l%), decision
errors (6,93%), and perceptual errors (2,42%). Meanwhile, the violation happens due
to routine violation (8,86%) and exceptional violation (S,32%).
The precondition of the unsafe act sharing 36,80% is influenced by the
conditions of operators (22,05%), the environmental factors (9,67%), and the
personnel factors (5,08%).
Moreover, the cause of the unsafe supervision sharing l4,91% happens duc to
the failure to correct problem (8,50%), the inadequate supervison (4,25%), the
supervisory violation (l,46%), and the planned inappropriate operations (0,70%).
Last, the organisational influence sharing 3,54% is caused by the
organizational climate (2, 22%), the resource management (0,83%), and the
organizational process (0.50%)
The necwsary things to do in order to minimize those work accident factors are
making a better accident investigation report, doing training and retraining in order to
increase the skill and the knowledge of the operator, specifically related to the work
competence and instmction to increase work experience, the making of SOP,
manual, clear and explicit checklist, and socializing it periodically to those who are
concemed; reintroducing control buttons on the operating machine, making
comprhensible instrument display and good warning system, creating good team
work atmosphere in order to improve error reduction, doing behaviour supervision to
the employees, giving sanctions to any violations based on the prevailed regulations, oing a better employees selection, giving license and certificate for certain jobs,
arranging work schedule, doing training, re-designing the workplace if possible, and
making a discussion group whenever an accident happens in order to solve appeared
problem so it will not happen again in the future., Recently, the numbers of work accident is still high specifically at the company
where work safety and health have not been implemented well. For example, there
have been 456 work accidents recorded from January to October 2008 at X
Company. The causes ofthe accidents are unknown. Are they because of the unsafe
act, the precondition of the unsafe act, the inappropriate supervision, and/or the
organizational influence?
Based on those backgrounds, the researcher wants to find out why and how the
work accidents happen. The aim of this research is to analyze the profile of work
accident cases at X Company observed using The Human Factors Anabwsir and
Classification .System (I-IFACS) as the unit of work accident case analysis.
The research result shows four classifications ofthe work accidents factors are
related to each other. Based on the analysis using I-[FACS classification system, the
biggest factors and percentage causing work accidents at X Company are : the unsafe
act with 44,75%, the precondition of the unsafe act with 36,80%, the unsafe
supervision with l4,9l%, and the organizational influence with 3,54%.
The causes of the unsafe act are human error (30,57%) and violation (14,18%).
Human error happens because of three things: skill-base errors (21,2l%), decision
errors (6,93%), and perceptual errors (2,42%). Meanwhile, the violation happens due
to routine violation (8,86%) and exceptional violation (S,32%).
The precondition of the unsafe act sharing 36,80% is influenced by the
conditions of operators (22,05%), the environmental factors (9,67%), and the
personnel factors (5,08%).
Moreover, the cause of the unsafe supervision sharing l4,91% happens duc to
the failure to correct problem (8,50%), the inadequate supervison (4,25%), the
supervisory violation (l,46%), and the planned inappropriate operations (0,70%).
Last, the organisational influence sharing 3,54% is caused by the
organizational climate (2, 22%), the resource management (0,83%), and the
organizational process (0.50%)
The necwsary things to do in order to minimize those work accident factors are
making a better accident investigation report, doing training and retraining in order to
increase the skill and the knowledge of the operator, specifically related to the work
competence and instmction to increase work experience, the making of SOP,
manual, clear and explicit checklist, and socializing it periodically to those who are
concemed; reintroducing control buttons on the operating machine, making
comprhensible instrument display and good warning system, creating good team
work atmosphere in order to improve error reduction, doing behaviour supervision to
the employees, giving sanctions to any violations based on the prevailed regulations, oing a better employees selection, giving license and certificate for certain jobs,
arranging work schedule, doing training, re-designing the workplace if possible, and
making a discussion group whenever an accident happens in order to solve appeared
problem so it will not happen again in the future.]</description><identifier>https://lib.ui.ac.id/detail?id=20332839</identifier><recordID>20332839</recordID></dc>
|
format |
Thesis:Masters Thesis Thesis:Thesis |
author |
Margiastoeti, author Add author: Ridwan Zahdi Syaaf, supervisor Add author: Robiana Modjo, examiner Add author: Dadan Erwandi, examiner Add author: Alfajri Ismail, examiner Add author: C. Setyo Rohadi, examiner |
title |
Analisis profil penyebab-penyebab kecelakaan kerja di perusahaan PT.X periode Januari-Oktober 2008 = The analysis of work accident cases at X company for January-October 2009 |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
https://lib.ui.ac.id/detail?id=20332839 |
contents |
[<b>ABSTRAK</b><br>
Angka keoclakan kerja saat ini masih sangat tinggi terutama pada
perusahaan-perusahaan yang rentan dcngan kecelakaan dimana budaya kuselamatan
dan kesehatan kelja belum terlaksana dengan baik. Contoh angka kecelakaan kerja di
PT X masih tinggi, tercatat dari bulan januari sampai dengan Olaober 2008 sebesar
456 kejadian kecelakaan, dimana saat ini sering kali tidak diketahui secara tspat
penyebab utama kecelakaan kelja tersebut terjadi. Apakah karena tindakan tidak
aman (unsajé act), kondisi tidak aman, kurangnya pengawasan danlatau karena
pengaruh organisasi?
Dengan melihat latar belakang tersebut, pencliti ingin mengetahui mengapa
dan bagaimana kecclakaan kcrja tersebut teljadi, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk
mcnganalisa profil penyebab kecclakaan kelja pada PT. X yang ditinjau dcngan
menggunakan The Human Factors Analysis' and Class{{ica!ion System (I-IFACS),
sebagai unit analisis kasus kecelakaan kexja.
Dari hasil penelilian menunjukan bahwa dari ke empat klasifikasi penyebab
kecelakaan saling berkaitan, berdasarkan hasil analisis dcngan mengunakan sislem
klasifikasi HFACS, didapatkan bahwa faktor dau perscntasc terbesar penyebab
kecelakaan kcnja di PT, X, yaitu tindakan tidak aman 44,'75%, sedangkan kondisi
sebelum mclakukan tindakan tidak aman 36,80%, pengawasan yang kurang 14,91%
dan pcngaruh organisasi 3,54%.
Penycbab tindakan tidak aman adalah kesalahan manusia 30,57 % dan
pelanggaran I4,18%. Kesalahan manusia teljadi karena 3 hal, yaitu karena kesalahan
sebab kemampuan 21,2l%, kcsalahan memutuskan 6,93%, dan kcsalahan persepsi
2,42%. Sedangkan pelanggaran terjadi karena pelanggaran rutin 8,86% dan
pelanggaran perkocualian 5,32%.
Kondisi scbclum melakukan tindakan tidak aman sebesar 36,80%, yang
dipengaruhi oleh kondisi operator 22,05%, faktor lingkungan 9,67% dan faktor
personil 5,08%.
Sedangkan penyebab kccelakaan pengawasan yang kurang sebesar l4,9I%,
dengan persentasc tcrbesar adalah gagal untuk mempcrbaiki problem yang sudah
dikuasai sebesar 8,50%, kemudian disusul karcna pengawasan yang tidak memadai/cukup 4,25%, pelanggaran pengawasan sebesar 1,46% dan perencanaan
operasi yang tidak tcpat 0,70%.
Dan penyebab kecelakaan karena pengaruh organisasi sebcsar 3,54%,
didapatkan penyebab terbesar karena iklim organisasi 2,22%, kemudian disusul
karena manajeman 0,83%, dan proses organisasi 0,50%.
Hal-hal yang pcrlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi faktor penyebab kecclakaan
adalah membuat laporan hasil investigasi kecelakaan yang lcbih baik; melakukan
training dan re-training untuk meningkatkan kemampuan (skill) dan pengetahuan
operator, terutama mcngenai ketezampilan dan instruksi kezja untuk menambah
pengalaman kerja; pembuatan peraturan atau SOP, manual, checklist yang jelas dan
tegas serta men-sosialisasikannya _sccara berkala kepada pihak-pihak yang
berkepentingan; mcmperkenalkan kcmbali tombol-tombol kontrol pada mesin yang
dijalankan; mcmbuat display instmmen yang mudah dimcngerti, sistem peringatan
yang baik; menciptakan suasana dan kexja sama team yang baik agar reduksi errors
dapat ditingkankan; melakukan pengawasan terhadap perilaku pekcrja (behaviour
observation); memberikan sanksi apabila terjadi pclanggaran sesuai ketentuan yang
berlaku; melakukan seleksi perke1ja lebih baik; memberikan izin dan sertifikasi
untuk pekedaan tertentu; mengatur jadwal kerja; memberikan pelatihan dan menata
ulang tcmpat kmja bila memungkinkan, dan membentuk gtup diskusi setiap ada
kecelakaan yang teljadi guna memecahkan permasalahan yang tirnbul agar tidak
terulang kembali.
<hr>
<b>ABSTRACT</b><br>
Recently, the numbers of work accident is still high specifically at the company
where work safety and health have not been implemented well. For example, there
have been 456 work accidents recorded from January to October 2008 at X
Company. The causes ofthe accidents are unknown. Are they because of the unsafe
act, the precondition of the unsafe act, the inappropriate supervision, and/or the
organizational influence?
Based on those backgrounds, the researcher wants to find out why and how the
work accidents happen. The aim of this research is to analyze the profile of work
accident cases at X Company observed using The Human Factors Anabwsir and
Classification .System (I-IFACS) as the unit of work accident case analysis.
The research result shows four classifications ofthe work accidents factors are
related to each other. Based on the analysis using I-[FACS classification system, the
biggest factors and percentage causing work accidents at X Company are : the unsafe
act with 44,75%, the precondition of the unsafe act with 36,80%, the unsafe
supervision with l4,9l%, and the organizational influence with 3,54%.
The causes of the unsafe act are human error (30,57%) and violation (14,18%).
Human error happens because of three things: skill-base errors (21,2l%), decision
errors (6,93%), and perceptual errors (2,42%). Meanwhile, the violation happens due
to routine violation (8,86%) and exceptional violation (S,32%).
The precondition of the unsafe act sharing 36,80% is influenced by the
conditions of operators (22,05%), the environmental factors (9,67%), and the
personnel factors (5,08%).
Moreover, the cause of the unsafe supervision sharing l4,91% happens duc to
the failure to correct problem (8,50%), the inadequate supervison (4,25%), the
supervisory violation (l,46%), and the planned inappropriate operations (0,70%).
Last, the organisational influence sharing 3,54% is caused by the
organizational climate (2, 22%), the resource management (0,83%), and the
organizational process (0.50%)
The necwsary things to do in order to minimize those work accident factors are
making a better accident investigation report, doing training and retraining in order to
increase the skill and the knowledge of the operator, specifically related to the work
competence and instmction to increase work experience, the making of SOP,
manual, clear and explicit checklist, and socializing it periodically to those who are
concemed; reintroducing control buttons on the operating machine, making
comprhensible instrument display and good warning system, creating good team
work atmosphere in order to improve error reduction, doing behaviour supervision to
the employees, giving sanctions to any violations based on the prevailed regulations, oing a better employees selection, giving license and certificate for certain jobs,
arranging work schedule, doing training, re-designing the workplace if possible, and
making a discussion group whenever an accident happens in order to solve appeared
problem so it will not happen again in the future., Recently, the numbers of work accident is still high specifically at the company
where work safety and health have not been implemented well. For example, there
have been 456 work accidents recorded from January to October 2008 at X
Company. The causes ofthe accidents are unknown. Are they because of the unsafe
act, the precondition of the unsafe act, the inappropriate supervision, and/or the
organizational influence?
Based on those backgrounds, the researcher wants to find out why and how the
work accidents happen. The aim of this research is to analyze the profile of work
accident cases at X Company observed using The Human Factors Anabwsir and
Classification .System (I-IFACS) as the unit of work accident case analysis.
The research result shows four classifications ofthe work accidents factors are
related to each other. Based on the analysis using I-[FACS classification system, the
biggest factors and percentage causing work accidents at X Company are : the unsafe
act with 44,75%, the precondition of the unsafe act with 36,80%, the unsafe
supervision with l4,9l%, and the organizational influence with 3,54%.
The causes of the unsafe act are human error (30,57%) and violation (14,18%).
Human error happens because of three things: skill-base errors (21,2l%), decision
errors (6,93%), and perceptual errors (2,42%). Meanwhile, the violation happens due
to routine violation (8,86%) and exceptional violation (S,32%).
The precondition of the unsafe act sharing 36,80% is influenced by the
conditions of operators (22,05%), the environmental factors (9,67%), and the
personnel factors (5,08%).
Moreover, the cause of the unsafe supervision sharing l4,91% happens duc to
the failure to correct problem (8,50%), the inadequate supervison (4,25%), the
supervisory violation (l,46%), and the planned inappropriate operations (0,70%).
Last, the organisational influence sharing 3,54% is caused by the
organizational climate (2, 22%), the resource management (0,83%), and the
organizational process (0.50%)
The necwsary things to do in order to minimize those work accident factors are
making a better accident investigation report, doing training and retraining in order to
increase the skill and the knowledge of the operator, specifically related to the work
competence and instmction to increase work experience, the making of SOP,
manual, clear and explicit checklist, and socializing it periodically to those who are
concemed; reintroducing control buttons on the operating machine, making
comprhensible instrument display and good warning system, creating good team
work atmosphere in order to improve error reduction, doing behaviour supervision to
the employees, giving sanctions to any violations based on the prevailed regulations, oing a better employees selection, giving license and certificate for certain jobs,
arranging work schedule, doing training, re-designing the workplace if possible, and
making a discussion group whenever an accident happens in order to solve appeared
problem so it will not happen again in the future.] |
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