Synthesis of Heterogeneous Catalysts NaOH/CaO/C From Eggshells for Biodiesel Production Using Off-Grade Palm Oil
| Main Authors: | Hawa, Karfika Ainil, Helwani, Zuchra, Amri, Amun |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
, 2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/RKL/article/view/14610 http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/RKL/article/view/14610/12355 http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/RKL/article/downloadSuppFile/14610/2527 |
| ctrlnum |
article-14610 |
|---|---|
| fullrecord |
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<dc schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"><title lang="en-US">Synthesis of Heterogeneous Catalysts NaOH/CaO/C From Eggshells for Biodiesel Production Using Off-Grade Palm Oil</title><creator>Hawa, Karfika Ainil</creator><creator>Helwani, Zuchra</creator><creator>Amri, Amun</creator><subject lang="en-US">activated carbon; biodiesel; calcium oxide; catalysts; transesterification</subject><description lang="en-US">A heterogeneous catalyst, such as Calcium Oxide (CaO), is widely used in biodiesel production due to its various advantages over homogeneous ones. The optimum condition for synthesizing this catalyst is determined by calcination temperature and mass ratio. As a result, a modification is required to increase its performance in improving the biodiesel yield. In this study, eggshell waste was modified by calcination, hydration, and dehydration methods integrated with activated carbon and NaOH. It is used as a heterogeneous base catalyst for off-grade palm oil transesterification reactions. The results shows the catalyst with the highest activity is obtained at calcination temperature of 800°c and mass ratio of 7 to 3. This is achieved with transesterification reaction conditions, which include a mole ratio of methanol/oil 6 to 1, catalyst concentration of 6%-b oil, and temperature 70°c for 3 hours, yielding 79.08% of the biodiesel. Additionally, CaO, Na2CO3, and Ca (OH) 2 materials were found in the catalyst with a catalyst alkalinity value of H greater than 9.3 through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Several methyl esters, such as palmitate and oleate were also found in biodiesel through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.</description><publisher lang="en-US">Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia</publisher><contributor lang="en-US"/><date>2020-02-28</date><type>Journal:Article</type><type>Other:info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</type><type>Other:</type><type>File:application/pdf</type><identifier>http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/RKL/article/view/14610</identifier><identifier>10.23955/rkl.v15i1.14610</identifier><source lang="en-US">Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan; Vol 15, No 1 (2020): Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan (June, 2020); 31-37</source><source>2356-1661</source><source>1412-5064</source><language>eng</language><relation>http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/RKL/article/view/14610/12355</relation><relation>http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/RKL/article/downloadSuppFile/14610/2527</relation><rights lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2020 Karfika Ainil Hawa, Zuchra Helwani, Amun Amri</rights><rights lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</rights><recordID>article-14610</recordID></dc>
|
| language |
eng |
| format |
Journal:Article Journal Other:info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Other Other: File:application/pdf File Journal:eJournal |
| author |
Hawa, Karfika Ainil Helwani, Zuchra Amri, Amun |
| title |
Synthesis of Heterogeneous Catalysts NaOH/CaO/C From Eggshells for Biodiesel Production Using Off-Grade Palm Oil |
| publisher |
Chemical Engineering Department, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| topic |
activated carbon biodiesel calcium oxide catalysts transesterification |
| url |
http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/RKL/article/view/14610 http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/RKL/article/view/14610/12355 http://www.jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/RKL/article/downloadSuppFile/14610/2527 |
| contents |
A heterogeneous catalyst, such as Calcium Oxide (CaO), is widely used in biodiesel production due to its various advantages over homogeneous ones. The optimum condition for synthesizing this catalyst is determined by calcination temperature and mass ratio. As a result, a modification is required to increase its performance in improving the biodiesel yield. In this study, eggshell waste was modified by calcination, hydration, and dehydration methods integrated with activated carbon and NaOH. It is used as a heterogeneous base catalyst for off-grade palm oil transesterification reactions. The results shows the catalyst with the highest activity is obtained at calcination temperature of 800°c and mass ratio of 7 to 3. This is achieved with transesterification reaction conditions, which include a mole ratio of methanol/oil 6 to 1, catalyst concentration of 6%-b oil, and temperature 70°c for 3 hours, yielding 79.08% of the biodiesel. Additionally, CaO, Na2CO3, and Ca (OH) 2 materials were found in the catalyst with a catalyst alkalinity value of H greater than 9.3 through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Several methyl esters, such as palmitate and oleate were also found in biodiesel through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. |
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Universitas Syiah Kuala |
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Teknik Kimia Kimia Lingkungan |
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KOTA BANDA ACEH |
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ACEH |
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IOS1933 |
| first_indexed |
2020-05-21T10:15:41Z |
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2020-11-10T22:34:55Z |
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