Hubungan Insidensi Penyakit Hawar Pelepah dengan Keparahan Penyakit dan Hasil Produksi Padi
| Main Authors: | Milati, Laila Nur, Nuryanto, Bambang, Sumarlin, Umin |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | ind |
| Terbitan: |
The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)
, 2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jfiti/article/view/33542 http://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/jfiti/article/view/33542/21943 |
Daftar Isi:
- Produksi padi dapat mengalami penurunan akibat gangguan oleh penyakit hawar pelepah yang disebabkan oleh Rhizoctonia solani. Penelitian bertujuan memperkirakan penurunan hasil padi akibat penyakit hawar pelepah berdasarkan keparahan penyakit yang terjadi pada stadium masak susu. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kawat dan lahan percobaan Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi pada musim hujan 2019/2020. Penelitian di rumah kawat menggunakan tiga varietas padi yaitu “Ciherang”, “Inpari 32 HDB”, dan “Baroma”; sedangkan penelitian di lahan percobaan menggunakan “Ciherang”. Inokulasi R. solani dilakukan pada tanaman padi stadium anakan maksimum dengan menyisipkan tanaman terinfeksi sebagai sumber inokulum penyakit diantara rumpun padi pada tingkat insidensi antara 5%–50%. Tingkat keparahan penyakit pada tanaman di rumah kawat dan lahan percobaan terus berkembang selama periode pengamatan dan mencapai berturut-turut 60.09% dan 70.56%. Lebih lanjut, keparahan penyakit yang tinggi menyebabkan penurunan hasil yang tinggi pula. Pengetahuan tentang hubungan insidensi dan keparahan penyakit bermanfaat dalam menentukan prediksi hasil sehingga pengendalian penyakit dapat dilakukan sedini mungkin untuk menghindari kehilangan hasil yang tinggi.
- The Relationship between Sheath Blight Disease Incidence, Disease Severity, and Rice Yield Sheath blight disease on rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani may interfere crop production. This study aimed to estimate yield loss of rice due to sheath blight disease based on disease severity at harvest period. The experiment was carried out at the screenhouse and experimental field of the Indonesian Center for Rice Research in the 2019/2020 rainy season. Three rice varieties, “Ciherang”, “Inpari 32 HDB”, and “Baroma” were involved in screenhouse experiment; while in the experimental field only involved “Ciherang”. Inoculation of R. solani was done by placing infected plants as source of inoculum in the plants’ rows with disease incidence rate of 5%–50%. Disease severity on the plants in the screenhouse and experimental field continued to increase during the observation period and reached 60.09% and 70.56%, respectively. Furthermore, high disease severity leads to high yield losses. Knowledge of the relationship between disease incidence and severity is useful to predict yield losses so that disease control can be carried out as early as possible to avoid high yield losses.