MODEL STRATEGI PENAWARAN UNTUK PROYEK KONSTRUKSI DI INDONESIA
| Main Author: | Patmadjaja, Harry |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article info application/pdf eJournal |
| Bahasa: | eng |
| Terbitan: |
Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University
, 2004
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: |
http://ced.petra.ac.id/index.php/civ/article/view/15500 http://ced.petra.ac.id/index.php/civ/article/view/15500/15492 |
| ctrlnum |
article-15500 |
|---|---|
| fullrecord |
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<dc schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"><title lang="en-US">MODEL STRATEGI PENAWARAN UNTUK PROYEK KONSTRUKSI DI INDONESIA</title><creator>Patmadjaja, Harry</creator><subject lang="en-US"/><subject lang="en-US">probability to win, bidding, expected profit, mark up.</subject><description lang="en-US">This research is a study on certain bidding strategy models, based on the maximum expected profit, as often used in developed countries. The models chosen for this research are: the Friedman model, the Gates model and the Ackoff & Sasieni model. Probability models to win were analyzed using discrete and normal distribution, and also with multi and single distribution.
Bidding strategy models are rarely used or even discussed by the Indonesian contractors, though it will be the contractors' need in the coming globalization era in 2000.
The chosen models were applied in various constructions tenders data obtained within the period 1994 - 1998. Two data sets were reserved for comparison purpose.
It was concluded that the Friedman model gave the lowest bid, especialy when used with the multi discrete distribution. On the other hand, the Gates model and the Ackoff & Sasieni model could give higher optimum mark up.
Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :
Penelitian ini melakukan studi atas berbagai model strategi penawaran yang didasarkan pada expected profit maximum yang pernah muncul dan digunakan di negara maju. Dari antaranya dipilih model-model dari Friedman, Gates dan Ackoff & Sasieni. Model-model didekati dengan berbagai bentuk distribusi diskrit maupun normal, serta distribusi tunggal maupun ganda.
Model strategi penawaran selama ini belum banyak dibicarakan dan dibahas oleh pihak-pihak yang terlibat pada proyek konstruksi di Indonesia, padahal akan merupakan kebutuhan kontraktor dalam menghadapi tender terbuka pada era globalisasi di tahun 2000.
Model-model tersebut kemudian diterapkan pada sejumlah data tender konstruksi di Indonesia yang berhasil diperoleh dari tahun 1994 sampai 1998. Hasil perhitungan diuji dengan dua data yang memang disisihkan untuk pengujian model tersebut.
Dapat disimpulkan bahwa model yang menghasilkan penawaran paling rendah adalah oleh model Friedman, dan khususnya dengan distribusi diskrit yang berganda. Sebaliknya, model Gates atau Ackoff & Sasieni menghasilkan mark up optimum yang lebih tinggi.
Kata kunci : probabilitas menang, penawaran, expected profit, mark up.</description><publisher lang="en-US">Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University</publisher><contributor lang="en-US"/><date>2004-06-01</date><type>Journal:Article</type><type>Other:info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</type><type>Other:</type><type>File:application/pdf</type><identifier>http://ced.petra.ac.id/index.php/civ/article/view/15500</identifier><identifier>10.9744/ced.1.1.pp. 1-7</identifier><source lang="en-US">Civil Engineering Dimension; Vol 1, No 1 (1999): MARCH 1999; pp. 1-7</source><source>1979-570X</source><source>1410-9530</source><language>eng</language><relation>http://ced.petra.ac.id/index.php/civ/article/view/15500/15492</relation><coverage lang="en-US"/><coverage lang="en-US"/><coverage lang="en-US"/><recordID>article-15500</recordID></dc>
|
| language |
eng |
| format |
Journal:Article Journal Other:info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Other Other: File:application/pdf File Journal:eJournal |
| author |
Patmadjaja, Harry |
| title |
MODEL STRATEGI PENAWARAN UNTUK PROYEK KONSTRUKSI DI INDONESIA |
| publisher |
Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University |
| publishDate |
2004 |
| topic |
probability to win bidding expected profit mark up |
| url |
http://ced.petra.ac.id/index.php/civ/article/view/15500 http://ced.petra.ac.id/index.php/civ/article/view/15500/15492 |
| contents |
This research is a study on certain bidding strategy models, based on the maximum expected profit, as often used in developed countries. The models chosen for this research are: the Friedman model, the Gates model and the Ackoff & Sasieni model. Probability models to win were analyzed using discrete and normal distribution, and also with multi and single distribution.
Bidding strategy models are rarely used or even discussed by the Indonesian contractors, though it will be the contractors' need in the coming globalization era in 2000.
The chosen models were applied in various constructions tenders data obtained within the period 1994 - 1998. Two data sets were reserved for comparison purpose.
It was concluded that the Friedman model gave the lowest bid, especialy when used with the multi discrete distribution. On the other hand, the Gates model and the Ackoff & Sasieni model could give higher optimum mark up.
Abstract in Bahasa Indonesia :
Penelitian ini melakukan studi atas berbagai model strategi penawaran yang didasarkan pada expected profit maximum yang pernah muncul dan digunakan di negara maju. Dari antaranya dipilih model-model dari Friedman, Gates dan Ackoff & Sasieni. Model-model didekati dengan berbagai bentuk distribusi diskrit maupun normal, serta distribusi tunggal maupun ganda.
Model strategi penawaran selama ini belum banyak dibicarakan dan dibahas oleh pihak-pihak yang terlibat pada proyek konstruksi di Indonesia, padahal akan merupakan kebutuhan kontraktor dalam menghadapi tender terbuka pada era globalisasi di tahun 2000.
Model-model tersebut kemudian diterapkan pada sejumlah data tender konstruksi di Indonesia yang berhasil diperoleh dari tahun 1994 sampai 1998. Hasil perhitungan diuji dengan dua data yang memang disisihkan untuk pengujian model tersebut.
Dapat disimpulkan bahwa model yang menghasilkan penawaran paling rendah adalah oleh model Friedman, dan khususnya dengan distribusi diskrit yang berganda. Sebaliknya, model Gates atau Ackoff & Sasieni menghasilkan mark up optimum yang lebih tinggi.
Kata kunci : probabilitas menang, penawaran, expected profit, mark up. |
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